ȭ, 뵿 ׸ 뵿
- ߻ ġ  -

Information Technology, Labor Process and Labor Movement
- An Attempt for a Political Economy of Beeper Box - 

  
  
1. ȭ   ⺻ ð

 21 'ȭ ȭ ô' ´´.(1)  ̷ڵ ' ȸ'߸ "뵿ع" "뵿 ΰȭ" ̾߱  ִ  ϰ ִ. ׷ ̷ definition 뵿  Żġȭ Ѵٴ   ġ ǹ̸  ִ. ̹     ' ȸ' Ͽ,  ݴ ̾߱⵵  ֱ ̴.  " ǿƼ"electronic panopticon(Ǫ), "20:80 ȸ"(ƾ & )  ܵ ' ȸ' ִ ȯ ̹ Ǹ ̹ ٲپ  ֱ ̴.   ⿡, ȭ  ȭ discurse ġ ϴÿ  Ͱ  ̳ ڿʿ    ƴ϶,  ں   踦   ǹ̸ ϰ  ̴. Ư ں  ȭ ̶ ܼ   Ű  ƴ϶, Ϸ,   ,  ȭ  ̵÷α  Բ ں 뵿  , ź  ¡̶ ϴ  ū ƶcontext ӿ ƾ  ̴. 
ٷ ̷ ǹ ü ӿ   ũ     ߾ Ǹ ϰ Ѵ. ϳ ȭ  뵿, 뵿  ϻȰ ִ  мϴ ̴.  ̶ ȭ   ü  ̰ų  ƴ϶, 뵿 ں °踦 ݿϴ Ӻ, ں  뵿  ȭŰ Űμ ľǵȴ. ֳϸ ȭ  ڰ  踦 ݿϴ Ư ñ 鿡  Ǳ ̴.  ѱ 1987  뵿  , ڵȭ  Բ ȭ   ǰ ִ ̴.   ' ̸ Ư ñ⿡ ȭ  ̷°'  ǽ ſ ߿ϴٰ . ٸ ϳ  뵿 忡 ں  ȭ    Ųٷ Ȱ  ִ° ϴ ̴.  ⼭   ġ߸̰ų ġ  ƴϱ  ܼ  Ȱ ü ٲٰ ؼ ݵ ȸ ϰ ȯǴ  ƴ ̴. ٷ ̷     ִ   䱸Ѵ.

2. ȭ  뵿  ִ 

 󿡴  ں Ӿ  屸 Ű Ͽ 㳷  ʰ  ̰ ִ. ׷ ̵ ں   ִ ġŸ, ڽ  Ͽ ٸ  ں ġϰ ؾ ϸ鼭   з ּҷ ٿ߸ ϴ  ִ. ׷  ں ũ    ÿ ϰ ȴ.  ϳ ں  , ,   ȭϴ ̴.  ں 忡   Ŵ ں    ̷  ϰ Ǵ  ̻ ̴.   ٷ ̷ ƶ  Ŵ ں   accumulation crisis Ż   꺹ü, Ư ̱ ʱ   Ͽ     ǵ̰ ü Ǵ ̴(H.. Schiller; ߱ 1997 ). ׷ ̹  , , , ǻ  ϱ޼ þ ִµ, 1993 ̱ 1,940 ޷, ƽþƿ 1,636 ޷,  1,400 ޷   5,000 Ѵ   âǾ. 2000  , Ʈ, ǰ  ġ  5 7 ޷ ٺ Ŵ    ȴ.(2) ѱ      2001  152( 180 ޷) Ը Ǿ ѻ 20%   ߻ȴ(߱ 1997 ).(3) ׷ Ŵ  ׵      Ưǰ   ̹  ö Ҵ( ).(4) ׷鼭 ׵ ٸ   '' ϰ ִ(1995 WTOü ). ̿   ο ΰ  , ' ȸ'   쿬, ׸ ڿ ϴ  ƴ   ִ.
׸  ٸ ϳ ں  뵿   ȭϴ ̴.  ƹ źź ں°       ִټ ġ,   ں ΰ ִ 뵿 ڽ  Ʒ Ȯ  Ѵٸ  ̻ ο   ϱⰡ  ȴ.   ں ǰ ·  뵿, ٽ  ̸ ' ڿ'human resources  °  Ͽ ɷ°߰ ο Ű ȴ. ׸Ͽ  뵿 ɷ° ռ 뵿 ǿ  ں ʿ信  '' ̴. ׷߸ ΰ ִ 뵿 ()ں  ȯ  ֱ ̴. ̷  ٸ ںA : ںB ̶  ںa/뵿a : ںb/뵿b üȭų  ְ, ̰ Ǵٽ A : B ȭ   ̴. ٽ  ں  ̶    ں ڽ  뵿 Ȯ ϴ°,     ⸦     ִ° ϴ  ϰ ȴ.    ںA Ư  ų  ,    Ư () ų  ִ.  A ں : B ں = A ڰ : B ڰ üȭ мغ  ִ ̴. ̰ Ư 1990 ȭ  Ҿ ' ȭ' ̵÷α  ӿ  󺰷   ȭ  ȭ  Ǵ    ش. 
⼭    ں  տ  ° տ  . ׷ 뵿   ȭ  뵿  Ǵ  ƴ϶, 뵿 ϻȰ ϴ ȸ  ϰ Ͼ ִ.  Ʒ ȭ 뵿, 뵿, ϻȰ  뵿  ü   İ   ġ ִ 캸 ȴ.

2.1 뵿  -  ӱü
ں ,  ں  Ǵ ڵȭ  ȭ, ̸     濵ոȭ 뵿忡 ִ ȭ   ǥִ  Ƹ "20:80 ȸ"(ƾ &  )  ̴. ̰ Ѹ,   ȸ 20%   ڸ  ҵ, ׸    鼭   ְ,  ټ 80%  Ǿ ƴϸ Ҿ ڸ,  , ׸  Ȱ ӿ ܿ  ̾ Ѵٴ ̴. װ ڵȭ  ȭ( ۵, ġȭ=ȭ  ,  , Ǵ, ,  ɼ ) ΰ ü 뵿Ӹ ƴ϶  뵿 üϰ ֱ ̴.(5) ں 忡 ٸ       ʿ   ؼҼ 漺 뵿¸ Ȯϸ » competitive advantage 縮 Ȯ   ̴.  ں ȭ(ǥȭ, ȭ, üȭ) Ͽ, 뵿ϴ ΰ ְ ̳  κ Ǵ ġ   "ֹ" ü    ְ ȴ.    Ǿڰ 뷮Ǹ, ÿ Ҿ ڸ 뷮ȴ. ̹ ̷ "뵿ȸ "  츮  Ƿ Ÿ ִ.
ѱ û <1997 2/4б 뵿> ڷῡ , Ⱓ 1 ̸ ӽ ٷ   ó 6鸸  Ͽ,  1õ 3鸸 뵿  45% Ѱ Ǿ. ׷ٰ Ⱓ 1 ̻ ٷڵ  ڸ ϰ ִٰ   . 뵿 ǥ(1997. 5. 18)   1990  1996 ݱ ذ( )    6 3õ  Ÿ. ظ  1  ذǰ ִ ̴. ޼ ȭ   , 繫,   ; ؼҼ ٽ 뵿 ̿ܿ ""   '' 뿭 Ӽ ǰ ִ. Դٰ  뵿 Ͽ 20 24 ̸   ڸ ϱⰡ  ִ. ظ б ϰ  ̵ ʸ ε,  ڸ پ ִ ̴.  1998⿡ 32 л  ε,  ڸ 8 ۿ   ̴. ٽ   20%  Ȯ ڸ  ǳ  80% Ǿڳ Ȯ ڸ  Ѵ.


                      <ǥ 1> 뵿 α 
                                                                      (: õ, %)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
            1990     1991     1992     1993     1994     1995    1996    96. 2/4  97. 2/4
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ӱݳ뵿 10,950    11,349   11,568   11751     12,297   12,736   13,043   13,063    13,320

      5,939     6,256    6,607    6,900      7,110    7,389    7,378    7,409    7,262
            (54.2)    (55.1)   (57.1)    (58.7)     (57.8)    (58.0)    (56.6)   (56.7)   (54.5)
ӽ      3,171     3,263    3,189    3,133      3,420    3,546    3,868    3,853    4,135
            (29.0)    (28.8)    (27.6)   (26.7)     (26.3)    (27.8)    (29.7)   (29.5)   (31.0)
Ͽ      1,840     1,830    1,772    1,718      17,67    1,801    1,797    1,801    1,923
            (16.8)    (16.1)    (15.3)   (14.6)     (15.9)    (14.2)    (13.7)   (13.8)   (14.5)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ) : 뵿 1 ̻
     ӽ: 뵿 1 ̻ - 1 ̸
     Ͽ: 뵿 1 ̸.
  * ڷ: û, ѱ.

뵿  , ִ  ϳ ߻߳ ڵ  Ȯ(6)  빮 ̳ ûõ     ־  'η '  ִٴ ̴.  ̰ Ϸ Ϸ԰    ϰŸ ã   ߻߳ ڵ  ä  ̳ ǿ ɾƼ ڷ  ִٰ 򰡿  ʿϴٰ ȣϰ Ǹ 绡 ޷  ȴ. ̷ 'ȣ 뵿'(Just-In-Time Workers)   󰡳 λ , ׸ κ Ĵ̳ , Ǽ  մ԰  ̳  ǰ  (۾) ﰢ ؾ ϴ 쿡 Ư ϰ Ȱǰ ִ. 1996 뵿  翡  ̷ 뵿  20  ̸, δ 60  Ѵ  ȴ. ư ̷     ǻͿ ̸ Ư, ó  ξٰ ü η 䱸  İ    η 뿪 ȸ Ǵ η İ ü   1996   4,000 ̻ þ. 1987 뵿   1986 غ  ȣ ް İ   ϰ Ǵ 뵿 Ӹ ƴ϶ ׷ 뵿ڸ ϴ η ȸ  1991⿡ ̹ 3 ̻ Ͽ(  ). ̷ ü ȣ ڵ ߸   ʿ ϴ 繫̳ 񼭸  ʾƵ ȴ. ̸ 'ɾٴϴ 繫'walking office . 쿡 󼭴 ڱ ȿ ɾƼ ȭ, ѽ, ǻ Ÿ ̿Ͽ η    ְ ȴ.   virtual firm,   ɼ ξ ϰ ȴ. ̷ Ǹ ϴ  忡 ڽ ΰ 䱸 ȣ 뵵 ü   Ӹ ƴ϶, ̸ ȣϱ   ü Ἲ  Ұ.(7) Ѹ, ں 忡 뵿忡 ' ü ü' Ͽ  ' ʴ ָ(Ƿ)'invisible fist(power)  ȭų  ְ Ǵ ̴.(8)

          <ǥ2>  ȭ 

                                                           (: 鸸)
----------------------------------------------------------------
                      1996     1997     1998     1999     2000    2001
----------------------------------------------------------------
   ڼ            136      205      317      491      761    1,179
   ű԰ڼ         50       72      112      174      270      418
   Ĵܸ ǸŴ  65       94      146      226      351      543
----------------------------------------------------------------
 * ڷ: financial Times, 1997. 8. 13.

Ӹ ƴ϶ ں ݱ 뵿忡  seniority system (ټӿ, ) ʷ ϸ鼭 뵿հ ü collective bargaining  Ǵ ӱüwage system, ȭ  Ҿ ɷ  Ƿ ϸ鼭 ü  λpersonnel assessment ߽ϴ  ٲپ  ִ.  ＺŸýۿ 1996⿡, 뵿 ɷ°  Ͽ ӱݼ ϴ  ϸ鼭 '5% ̷'  ٰŷ Ҵµ, װ  뿡  ⿩ϴ  Ұ 5%  ʰ  95% 鷯̰ų ̶ ̴.    򰡸  5% ؼҼԴ  츦  ־ ϳ, Դ  츦  ۿ ٴ ̴. ٽ   ϴ   ȯ Ʒ  ̻ 뵿 ټӿ ̰  ߿ ʰ  ο ǿ żϰ ϰ Ͽ   ִ ɷ°   ߿ϴٴ ̴.  뵿  ȭ ޼ӵ Ǳ   ɷ  ӱü谡 ʿϴٴ ̴. Ư   ̷ ִ  λýpersonnel information system̳  ú ηmanpower bank    ڿ  Ư̳ ۾ , ڿ  µ, ,  Ȱ İ ľϰ ϰ ν ں  Ƿ  ش. ռ  'ȣ 뵿' ð Ǵ ۾ Ǽ ӱ ޱ  ƿ ü   ޵  Ѵ. 
̰ ᱹ  ϴ°? װ ֳ      ں ȭ  Ű  뷮ϰ ÿ  ƴ 򰡸 ַ ϴ ӱü ȯν, ֳ  ǵǰ ִ 뵿 ° ׸   Ŀ ڴٴ õ ϰ ִٰ   ִ. 

2.2 뵿  - 뵿 ݰ 뵿 
켱, ȭ 뵿  ȭŲ. δ 뵿  ߻ȭŰ, ٸ δ 뵿  ȭŲ. 뵿 ߻ȭ ΰ 뵿  ؾ, Ǵܰ   ϴ 뵿 ° ڵȭ ȭ(ȭ  , , , ݺ ɼ) Ͽ ǻͳ κ,    ġ ַ ϴ ǰ ȯν ߻Ѵ.  ̱ AT&T翡  ѱKorea Telekom ǻȭ Ҹ ü  õ  ȭȯ üϿ. ȭ ̷ ۾  õ   ȣȭ, ġȭ(ȭ)ǰ Ǹ,   򰡵Ǿ  ī ﰢ ǵƿ´. 뵿ڴ α׷ ϰų(9) Ŵ  ߸  ָ ȴ.  ̻ ۾ ʿ  뵿ڴ ̰,  繫,  뵿ڵ鵵 ̷  ߻ȭ 뵿 'ӵְ' ؾ ȴ. ȭ ô 뵿 ͺ  ϰ  뵿κ ΰ ع ִ ó , ׷ ʾƵ ȭǰ ұȭ 뵿  κ  뵿ڰ ü   ظ     Ӹ ƴ϶,  1ʵ  ϰ ޼  ϹǷ 뵿 ȭ, Ʈ , ׸ VDT ı(߰ ֳ ð , ,  ̻ ) ο  ߻Ų. ׸ 뵿ڵ  質  ٷ  ̸ ų  ۼϸ鼭   ȭϰ ϴ ׷ ü ΰ   , κ ǻͿ  ۵ڸ  ȯȴ.(10)     ƴpore ŵǰ ں 꼺 û  ȴ.

⵵ ÿ ִ ںǰü ()  ڿý(ERP) ȿ , 꼺 ȹ .  ȸ   ..  ģ 150 óܰ踦 ȭ Ҿ  35 ٿ,   ڰ ϰóϴ  ٲ.   1 ɸ  Ϸ  ǰ ֱ⵵  7Ͽ 2.5Ϸ ٿ. ҷ 5 1 Ϸ .  ̿ Ծ 1997 ٴ     Ⱓ  280% ö󰬰, 1δ ΰġ׵ 150% ߴ(߾Ϻ, 1997. 10. 16).

뵿 ȭ ó  뵿  ҿ  Ǵ  ƴ϶ ȭ(ð, ,  Ѱ ʿ) Ҿ ſ   ٴѴٴ ̴. װ ں  information network     ü 꼺̳  񱳸 縮 ϰ ǰ,  ̶    ϰ ϱ  ߻Ѵ. ں   ü   ġ  ̵Ű⵵ ϰ,   Ϻθ ؿܷ ϰų   ٸ ȸκ ǰ ϱ⵵global sourcing Ѵ. ׸ ܱ ں  ȸϿ  ̵ ̱ ؼ ں    ̰ ȴ.    24ð Ǯϱ  پ shift system  뵿ð , ٷνðflexible working time  ̷⵵ Ѵ.    ľ  1997 3  뵿 ̷ ƶ 뵿  Ȱ(ذ, ٷ, ñٷ ) ȭϰ ִ. ׸ ٸ  ȭ ñٹTelework ɼ Űµ,  ̱ ڷũ 뵿ڴ 1989⿡ 2õ 3鸸̾ 1994⿡  3õ 9鸸 þ,   1õ  ñٹ ϰ ִ( 1997:70 ). 뵿 ȭų  ִ ں ɷ  뵿  ں  븦 ǹѴ.  ںŭ  ̵   뵿ڵ ׸ŭ ں  Ʒ ӵ ۿ . Ư 뵿 ü information network Ͽ ϴ , ں 뵿   Ƿ ޼ ų  ְ ȴ. ʰ ̴     ִ  ü ͵ ߾ ϰ ֹǷ, ں 忡  бȭ ÿ  ȭ ޼  ְ ȴ.  ں   Ǵ   ȿ ó лǾ ִ 鿡   濵 ְempowerment   ȿ ̵ ϸ鼭,   Ͽ ̵ ð ,  ʿϿ ȿ ߾    ְ Ǵ ̴.  ڵ ں ȭ Ҿ ȭ  ӿ õ 翡  ɾƼ,   2̳ , 縶Ͼ ۰, ε׽þ   ؿ 10   꼺, ǰ, 뵿 Ȳ  õ ͸  ,   ־, ʿÿ   űų   ִ ̴.  ٸ   1997 9  ѱ  SK Telekom, ż   2 귯 ̿ܿ ѱ Freetel, Ѽ PCS, LG Telekom  , 5 PCS ں ￡ Ͽµ,  3  600     ְ, SK Telekom 2,500  ִ. ̷   ϰ , ϴ ۾ ' տ ڵ, ٸ տ ۳ ڶ ڵ'   ̵ϴ 뿪  ϰ ִ.  SK Telekom   6,000  ִµ   40% Ѵ 2,500  '޸ 뵿ڵ' ̷   ϰ ִ. ̷ ؼ ȭ 뵿 üɼ Ӹ ƴ϶ 뵿 üɼ û  ְ ִ.
ȭ  뵿labor process 뵿labor control Ŀ ο ɼ Ѵ. Ѹ,   ³  · ǥǴ  ٴ  ³ communicative · ǥǴ   ȣ Ӹ ƴ϶  ִ(cf. Kang 1995). ⼭  ¶ 濵     뵿ڸ  Ͻϰidentify Ͽ ں  ȭŰ ϴ ̰,  ¶ ں 뵿 ѵ      ǻ ȸ Ͽ ں   뵿  ȭϰinternalize ν  ȭϰ ϴ ̴.  ó   ǻ Ÿ Ͽ Ҹ̳  ,  ̵   ƹ  δ̵       ִ.  쿡 ̷  äõǾ Ǳ⵵ ϰ Ҹ  Ǳ⵵ Ѵ. ̷   뵿ڵ Ͽ    ü  ϰ ̸ 'ڹ' ȯ  Ѵ. ׷ ݸ鿡   ϴ  λý̳ ڰġ, ȣ(߻), ڵ   Ȱ Ž  ϴ  ̳ ü ϰż ǻ  ϰ żϰ   ִ. 
뵿 İ Ͽ  ϳ Ư  , , 繫,  ҹϰ ̳ 繫ǿ  뵿 Ǵ 쿡 ۾team work Ȯǰ ִٴ ̴. ̰  1970뿡   뵿  Ȯ볪 뵿 , 뵿 ΰȭ ƶ 䱸 , ȭ( ǻ͸  ϷTaylor ð     ȭ,    ۾ Ȳ ðȭ) Ҿ ں ֵ η , 뵿ð  ƴpore (11), 뵿 ȭ,   ȭ,  (   ߰) , 뵿  İ âǼ  Ȱ̶ ƶ õϰ ִ ̴. Ư   δ  sensitive Ư  ְ ٸ δ Ʈũ Ǿ ýsystematic Ư ϰ ֱ⿡, Ϻ  ׸ Ʈtrouble ü  Űų ų  ִ  ִ.  뵿   ȭ ôɼ ں 忡 뵿ڵ  ̰ ɵ ̷ 輺  ϴ  ϵ   ûȴ.  ǽİ ü, ׸ Ȱ ǻcommunication   ȴ. ٷ ̷ ƶ    ִ ̴. Ѹ ȭ ʷ ϴ ۾  ڱself control   ְ ν ں 꼺 ǰ, ۾µ,     ϰſ ذ  ִ ɼ Ѵ.
    Ҽ  뵿 ٽ 뵿, ׸ ټ  뵿 ֺ 뵿(ܼ, ܼ繫, ӽ ) ȭǵ ϴ   ⿩Ѵٴ  ؾ Ѵ. ٽ  "  Ӽ ũ ԰ յǸ鼭  Ҹϰ ۿѴ"(Savage 1992, Probert 1996,  1997:72 ). ̷ п ￡ ԰ 뵿 ں Ͽ 뵿 Ϲݿ    ȭų  ְ Ѵ.

2.3 ϻȰ - ӵ ޼, ߵ ǳ  
ں  ߵϴ    ں Ͽ ̰  ̵  ֱ  뵿 ϻȰ̳ ϻǽ ׿ ϵ '' ȴ.  1996  ̱   6 ޷ ڱ ǻ  Ͽ   Ϸ翡 ʹ,  ƴٴϰ ִ.  ۵ Ұ 1и 1 ޷  쵵 . ׸ ݴ İ ϴ ڵ . ̷  ȭ(ǹ и ں  ɼ) Ͽ  ۵ ʸ   ' ' ϰ ȴ.(12) ׸ ̷ ں Ƿ 10% ̻  ڴ 鿡 ϸ鼭 뵿 濵ոȭ  Ѵ. ׸ ٷ    ȮǼuncertainty Ű ο  ϴµ, װ ٷ Ļǰderivatives ŷ̴. ̷ ǰ  1994   12 ޷ Ǿ, 1999 18 ޷   ȴ. ֱٿ ѱ ִ  Ͼ. 1998 10 3Ϻ 6ϱ ̾ ߼ ޱⰣ   װ  ̹ 1997 10 21Ͽ ۵Ǿµ, λ, , , ,   ֿ 뼱   ¼( 20) ȭ PC ,  ܸ(CRT)     10и  Ǿ. ̰  60 ̰,  1   װ翡  ڸ ص ּ 6̴.   ó û ں  İ ̷ Ȱǰ ִ.
̷ ں ޼   ں ڽ , 뵿ڵ, ׸ ٸ ȸ鿡 'ð ̴' ϻǽ 簭ȭϴreinforce  ⿩Ѵ. ݸ鿡   Ȯ Ҿ  ʿ ϴ   ΰ     ִ(̸   'ŷ 'transaction cost ). ׷ ٷ ̷ ̾߸ 츮 Ͽ 1 1ʶ 'ϰ'   Ҿϰ .(13)   װ    ޼() ũ ۿߴ. ̷  ϻǽ  Ͽ    Ұ ϰ ޼ ӵ  ڽŵ 𸣴 ̿    ִ.(14) 쿡 󼭴 ̷  質 ģ,  ̸ ģϰ  ֱ ٴ,   Ըŭ̳ ҿϰ   ִ.  ȣ⳪ ڵ ϰ ش޶ ȣ 쿡   ڽ ű⸦  ־ٸ,  ϰ ٸ  °  ظ   ִ ̴. ư ̷ ں ӵ 츮 Ȱ迡   ϻȭ ǰ ִ.(15)  Ȱ ǰ    ħϿ 츮 屸 ǥȭŰ ŻġȭŰ ִٸ,  м ׷ ǰ Һ ֱ⸦ ϰ "ȭ"( 1997:166)Ű ִ.(16)  ࿡   ΰϰ ϵ    ϳ ڷTeleshopping Ǵ ̹Cybershopping̴. ڷ, ȭ, ͳ  Һڿ Ǹ  , ɸ  ϴ ó ̱⿡ ϴ ̷ Ÿ ߾ ִٸ    Һ    ȴ. ̹  Եȭ,  ũ, μ  3 ̹θ ְ,  ̳ ȭ,  鵵 ̿  غ ϰ ִ. ᱹ 츮 Ȱ  ʿ ϴ ǰ  Ʋ  ٴ, ȸ ǰ̳ ࿡ ߵǾ Ӿ ο  ư ϴ Ȱµ  쿬   ƴϴ. ׸ ̷ Ȱ 츮 ȭϰ ȭ ٸ 츮 Ȱ  ȭ, ᱹ  ں Ǿ ̴. ׷ Ǹ ᱹ    뵿  ϰ   ð ں  Ͽ 漺 뵿ؾ  ̴.
ȭ(ð ʿ)  ӵ ʰ ߿  ߵ̴. 츮  ȫ ӿ  , Ư ͳ ȭ(17)   Ӱ ÿ  ߰ ̱⵵ ϴ. ׷   ã  ùٷ ϱ  ٴ ǰġ ְų  Ű ڱϴ     ,   Ȯǰ ִ. ư  ü ȸ ϰ ִ  ġ̳ Ȱ, Ư ȭĵ  ȭ   ܼȭ, ǥȭ, ȹȭѳ ִ. ٷ ̷  ǥȭ, ȭ  ǻ ں ڱ ؿ  ¹ ִ.  츮 ѿ      ãų ̼縦 Ÿ ԰ų  ñ  ðų Ͽ,    ܿ ֳ īݶ ã Ǿ.  ͳ ٴ ӿ ʿ  ã       Ŵ   ظ ؾ Ѵ.     ̰    ;,  ڱⰡ  ϴ    . ư    ٸ  ״  ̷ ظ  ɼ ũ. ̰  Ž ƴ϶ ȣ⳪ ڵ   Ÿ ִ. ٽø ȭ( 뼺)  ִ  ׸ŭ 츮 Ͽ      ȭϰ ' Ǿ' ȯ  Ѵ.  ̷ ȭ ٴٴ 漱   ϱ  ''  Ͽ ϰ ο ظ   ִٴ  ɾ ָ鼭  ߵ     ִ. ׸Ͽ Ϸ Ÿ     ȳ 鿩   ' 𸣰' ô뿡 ڶ  Ҿ ɸ ±   ִ. ȣ⳪ ڵ,   ͳ  (ߵ)   ִٴ   쿬 ƴϴ.
δ  ü ϳ Ƿ ϸ鼭 (Ƿ) ͺ ͺ   ִ. Ư    Ϸ ϱ , ׸Ͽ ׷    뵿ڸ     ϰż  Ϸ ϱ  ' '  ȯ󿡵 ұϰ ' ' ȭ  ִ. ̰  迡 . ռ  λýpersonnel information system  ü 츮 Ż  ˰ , 츮   ؿܿ  츲 󸶳 ıϴ, ׸ Ӱü 󸶳 ıϴ, 뵿  ϴ,  ڱ, κ ڱ  ̸  ִ    ٸ   ϰ  ⵵ .  ̷  ȭ  ̹ ϴ Ƿ° ұ  ں踦 ö ݿ, ȭ( Ըε û  , ߾ ) ô Ҿ  ȭǴ  ִ.  1998 ǽϰ ϴ 'ֹī'  õ ٷ ׷ ̴. ֹī ֹε   Ż  質 ݰ Ȳ ϰ ϴ ̱⿡(10   ϰ ϴ ),  ̰ Ǹ 츮 ϻȰ  ö  ȸ  Ǹ鼭 Ƿ° ұ ȭ ̴. Webster & Robins ó     Ȱ    û Ʒ ν  Ϸ   ƴ϶ ȸ α Ȯ״ٰ Ͽ, "ȸ Ϸ"(social Taylorism)̶ ̸ ִ(߱ 1997 ). ٳ տ  "20:80 ȸ" Ǿ  20% õ  80% (Ǿڳ Ҿ  ) Կ ϴ ȸ ´ٸ ȸҾ  ̰, ̷  óϱ  ڵ  ÿ   ȸ ϰ  ̴. ٷ ̷ ƶ  Ƿȭ ȭ ̴.(18) ̷ ٸ ֹī峪  ſ(or )ȸ ܸ Ǵ     ǰȭ( 츮 𸣴 ̿ 츮 ̸ ּ, ó  忡 ŷǾ  гڰԵ  üκ   ް Ǵ )  'ȸ Ϸ'  ǥ   Ͱ. ̷ Ǹ 츮 '  ʰ  ׻ ϰ ִ'  ӿ ƾ   .

3. ȭ 뵿

б ̳ ڵȭ, ȭ  뵿 ο Ӿ ǵ ̱ ϳ,    õ ϰ ذ  . ׷  õ ׷ϵ   ؼ Ȯ ν  ʿ䰡 ִ. ռ   ȭ  ʱ  ں  ⸦ ϱ      ӿ ǵ ϴ ̸, ᱹ 뵿 Ϲݿ   ȭϴ  ⿩ϰ ִ. Ư  world market â Ҿ   ȭ ȭ '־' ǿ ''ϱ⸸ ϰ ,  ߿ ' ȸ' ȯillusion Ӿ ȸ   ȭmyth ȭinternalizeϵ 䱸ް ִ. ׸    ִ 뼺(԰ żӼ, Ȯ ) Ŭ, ׸ŭ    ȯ ȭ ȭ  ϰ ִ. ٸ    ּȭǱ⸸ ٶ鼭. ׷ 밳 ̵ ׷ ȭ ü as a whole ȸ social relations   ġ ̸  ȭŰ°  ٸ ν  ϰ ִ. 
츮 ð ̷    ִٸ, 뵿 忡  ȭ    ΰ? и 츮 1800 Ʈ (ı)ó ' ı' ؾ Ѵٰ  ʴ´. ׷ ' ȸ' ǵư Ѵٴ   ƴϴ. ߿   , ߵǰ , ȮǴ ȸ ƶsocial context ȸ social relations̴.  ں   , ߵǰ ں  ȭ  븦 Ͽ , ȮǴ ׷  ü ٺ ȭǾ Ѵ.  ϴ  ü Ǿ ϴ   Quality of Life      ϰ ϸ, ɽ ϰ    ̴. Ѹ ' ' ü  ٸ ̲ ٴ ߻ ȯ̾߸ ù ° ؾ  ̴. 
 °   ü 'ȭ ' ü   Բ ̴ġ ִ, ׸Ͽ ̹  ġ contested terrain̹Ƿ, 뵿 忡 տ 츮 м ٿ , 뵿, 뵿, ׸ Ȱ ݿ  ߻ϴ ü concrete contradictions Ȯ س  ô   ؾ  ̴. ׸Ͽ Ư 뵿 п  ؾ ϸ, 뵿꼺 Ǵ¸ŭ 뵿 ȸ 뵿ð ϰ ؾ  ̴. ư ϻȰ   ã,(19) Ҿ ð , Ҿ ΰ 踦 ãų 籸ؾ  Ͱ. ñδ  ʰ ı  Ӱ ο    ؾ Ѵ.
 °  ǰ ִ Ÿ  ȰϿ    Ʋ  پ Ѿ , ,  ȸregional, ׸ ħ   Ʋ ؾ  ̴.     پ Ѿ, پ   , ü      ̸ ̰  ȣ   ־ Ѵ.  ̷ ¿    ܺ ġ Ű˿  ֹ   ִ.(20)  ̷ Ű˿    ĽѾ  ̴. ׷    뵿   ϰ   ϴ 'ڱ ˿'self-censorship̴. ̷ ڱ˿ ǰϰ غϰ Ǹ Ű ' ο '   ִ.   1993 ʿ ̱ Ÿ ̿ ġ ü 'ռ  ... ׷  '(Lead ... or Leave)  ȸ 1鸸  Ѵ  ġ  ȹϱ⵵ (߱ 1997 ), LaborNet 250 ̸ ̱ ͳ 뵿ü,  ͳ   ϰ ִ.  LabourNet   ֿ ҽ  Ͽ 븦 ϰ , ĳ  SoliNet̶ Ʈũ  2,200  400 տ  ϰ ִ(ȫ 1997). ׸ 1994 Ϲ(NAFTA) Ͽ    ߽ ƼŸ α ڽ  ظ ̱  ͳ   θ Ͽ  ɰ 븦 ̲  ִ.  ׸ ݶ 뵿ڵ鵵 ͳ  ׵  θ ˷  븦 ̲ν ħ   ŵξ(ȫ 1997). ѱ 1996/7 ľ 'ľ' ἺǾ ͳݰ ǻ  Ȱ,  30  뵿ü ġüκ  븦 ̲⵵ ߴ. ׸ ̵ õ 'ľ Ӻ' ,   ľ Ȱڸü ƴ ü   ν ġ ǵ 뵿    ϴ  ū ⿩ Ͽ. Ư 'ľ Ӻ' 1997  ȭ  ûǾ  뵿 ƴ϶  ȭ    鿡 ū ɰ ȣ ⵵ Ͽ(ȫ 1997). ׷ 뵿 ̷ ں 帧 Ž ׿  پ Ѿ,     ο  ü ȸ    ̴.
  ̷   Ȱ  ŵξ ħ  ѷΰ Ǵ 뵿  Ǻ񸰳   ()Ű ȴٸ,   ̻  밡 ƴ   ο ȸ 踦 ĥ   ̴. ׸ ħ ϴ  ü Ǿ ο ' ' ̲  ְ ȴٸ, 츮 츮 ǰ 屸    󸶳  Ͽ  йϰ Һ ΰ   ̰ åӼִ    ü    ̴.   ȸ ڿ ڿ ڿ ̰  ġϰ ϱ  츮 츮 屸 ° , ߵ       ̴. 
δ   ü  żfetishism غϿ, Ҿ spirituality ãƾ Ѵ. Ǵ , , ׸ ں ߴް Ҿ ΰ   κ   (ڿ)  ӹκ͵ , ٷ   ΰ  ڿ Ϻζ ǽ,  spirituality ¦  ½  ȴ. ̷ Żȭ(Entspiritualisierung)(21) Ͽ ΰ  ΰ , ΰ  ڿ 谡 ȭǾ,    ΰ  ڽ  ( ڿ)κ  иǾ.  츮 Ҿ 츮   ã ΰ ΰ, ΰ ڿ 踦  , ߰  ƴ϶  , ȭ   Ӱ ؾ  ̴. ̷   츮 μ, '  ΰ ȸ    ̾  ִ' ȯ зκ  ο   ̴. 

                                        <  >

(1997), "ӵ ȭ",ȭС12ȣ, 1997 , ȭл.
(1997), 濵 뵿: ȸ 濵  ر׸, ѿ.
(1997), "21 : ο  Ͽ", öа ǡ1997 , öйȭ.
Ű, Ƴ縮 ϸġ(1996), ǻ  öС, ̵ , ǻ.
ĸ, (1891), "ο  Ǹ", (1997), 濵 뵿: ȸ 濵  ر׸, ѿ, 10.
Ų, (1996), 뵿 , ̿ȣ , .
 (1997), "̷ȸ 뵿",  뵿  ̷ ϰ 뵿  ǥ .
Ű, (1997),  ʴ ſ, ֺ , ߾M&B.
 , , (1991), " ȸ  :   ߽", г8, ȭ ѱ.
߱, "Ŀ´̼  ̷ȭ", öа ǡ1997 , öйȭ.
, ȴ(1996),  , ְ , .
ظ Ŭ(1996), ں ġ ؼ, Ǹ ű, Ǯ.
Ȧ ̵(1997), "뵿 ο з  ",  뵿  ̷ ϰ 뵿   ǥ .
ȫ, "ﱹ뵿̵ '97", 忡 ̷ 26ȣ, 1997 10ȣ, ѱ뵿̷å.

Aronowitz, Stanley & Difazio, William(1994), The Jobless Future, Minesota: Univ. of Minesota Press.
Castells, Manuel(1996), The Rise of the Network Society, Cambridge: Blackwell.
Mosco, Vincent & Janet Wasco(1994),   ȸ, α.
Probert, Berlinda(1996), "ıȸ  : ο Ƿ йΰ?", ȭô η¡, ѱġ.
Savage, Mike(1992), "Women's expertise, Men's Authority: gendered organizations and the contemporary middle classes", Gender and Bureaucracy, London: Blackwell.

  
(  濵а, )                           

Prof. Dr. Kang, Su Dol
Korea University, Business Administration
Industrial Relations
Chungnam Yonkigun Chochiwon
# 339-700  South Korea
Tel. (0415) 60-1527
Fax (0415) 60-1507
E-Mail: sdkang@tiger.korea.ac.kr


{{(1) ⼭ ϴ 'ȭ'  ǹ̿ ̰ ִµ,  ڵȭ, κ, ΰ, ǻ, 𵩰 PC , Ʈũ, ͳ, ׸ ٸ  ڷ, ȭ, ѽ, ,  ī޶, Ƽ̵, ӵ, ȣ, ڵ, PCS(޴)   ű , , Ȯ diffusion of information technology õ   θ ϸ, ư 츮  ̷  ɼ ȭ internalize ϴ ȸɸ  Ѵ. 
}}
{{(2) ֱ  ̱ Ž ΰ 波 ο â  ̴. ̱ 2 Ÿ ȭȸ MCI ̹ 1996 11 긮Ƽ ڷ μϱ   ܰ迡 μ   , ̱ 4 Ÿ ȭȸ  μǸ ؿ԰, ÿ ̱ 3 ȭ GTE μ ￡ ߴ. ׷ ̱ 1 Ÿ ȭ AT&T GTE μϰڴٰ (ѰܷŹ, 1997. 10. 17). 
}} 
{{(3) 1997 10 23 ħ  Եȣڿ  "ȭ å" ,   ĺ ǥȸ(TV ߰)  'Ż  () ⿡ ó ѱ   ִ  ı'  5 ĺ(ǿ ĺ  ) ΰ  ǰ ǥϿ. ̷   , ̱ ߽ ʱ   ߵǴ ȭ   ġ ڵ   ̹ ο ı 'ȭ'ϰ    ִ. ̵  ȭ ߵϱ  ü , ü Ȯ,    ñϴٰ Ͽ. ׷ ̷ ص ݱ  зӿ  ٺ     ȭϱ  ο Żⱸ ϰ ϰ ֱ   ''    ʴ.
}}
{{ (4)  ѱ ޴ ü ݱ ̱  ں Ļ翡  1,600 Ѵ οƼ() , 귯 PCS  ޴ ǰ ȭ 30% Ұ 70% Կ ϰ ִ.
}}
{{ (5)  Ų(1996) Į ȭƮĮ ҹϰ ̱ ڸ 4  3  迡  ڵȭ ̰, ̷  21 ߹ݿ   1 2õ 뵿 ߿  α ڸ   ϰ ִ.
}} 
{{ (6) ȣ(߻)  1993   265̴   Ұ 3⸸ 1996⸻ 4.5 1,200 þ, 1997 9  1,400 ̻ Ǿ.  3 1÷ ȣ⸦ ϰ ־  Ȯ ӵ ̹  1, α ޷ 32% ̰  2,  δ ̱, ߱ ̾ 3̴.  ڵ, Ƽ, PCS   ̵ α ̹ 500  Ѿ. ̴ 1990  ظ  ̻  ϴ ̴.  PCSܿ CT-2, TRS, IMT-2000  ο ڱ  2000 Ǹ ̵   ȭ    ̶  ̴.
}}
{{ (7)  PC Ż ' ȣȸ', ' Ǹ' ǥǴ ѱ ౸ ȣȸ   ȣȸ  ̷    õ  ִ. Ư ' Ǹ'   ''movementα Ͽ ο    ִ ó 򰡵Ǳ⵵ Ѵ. ׷ ' Ǹ'    ġ, 뵿 ں 迡 ƹ ġ  ϴ ٺ Ѱ踦 Ѵ. ׿  ȣȸ , ǽ 뵿 ں antagonism ġ Ϸ Ҽ  ϰ κ   ΰ 踦 δ ( ̰ ſ ߿ϴ) ̻ ġ  ãƺ    ̽. 
}}
{{ (8)  η İ߱ٹڴ   ڽ  Ѵ: " ó 뿪  𸣰, ̰ ΰ ǸŻ ٵ 𸣰 뿪 ȸ翡 ϴ. ٷΰ༭    .  OOȸ翡 ó ۾ .  ִ´ ޴ .  ó 23 ޾Ҿ. ٸ     ⼭ ̶  ;. ȸ ϰ ׳ ٴϰ .  ...  ȸ翡 ٴϴİ     Ȳ. ı ģ ģ  뿪ȸ   ˾ƿ.   𸣴   ׳   ٹϴ OOȸ翡 ٴѴٰ  ."(⿬ ڷ, <ȭ> ο)
}}
{{ (9)  ̷ α׷  , 𵨸   â  뵿 ϴ ڴ  Ҽ Ұ  뵿ڵ̴. δ ̷ ۾鵵 'â ϴ' κ鿡    ִ(Ű 1996:270 ).
}}
{{ (10)  ƹ ΰ ߵǰ, ǻ ü źѴ  "ΰ  , ,   ϴ ɱⱸ   ִ°  ִ"(Ű 1996:270).
}}
{{ (11) 뵿ð ں    ϰ ߿ ִ ð̴. ֳϸ  ð  ֱ ̴.   뵿ð   ս Ǵ   ׿ġ ǹϱ  ں  ð Ű Ͽ   ִ °   Ѵ. ݸ 뵿ڵ 뵿   ʴ  ð ںԴ  ð̴(ظ Ŭ 1996:182).
}}
{{ (12) Ϸʷ ̱ ڰ  ҷν 1992⿡  Ŀȭ  ⼺ ڱ Ͽ   Ŵ ܹ 10 ޷ .
}}
{{ (13) "(ȭ) ȸ öϰ ȭŰ,  Ʋ, ġ, ,  ȸǽ  Ų"(Ű 1996:273).
}}
{{ (14) 츮 ̷  Ư ڵauto-mobile ϸ鼭  ϰ ȴ. ڰ ⿡ ӵ  ϵ ϴ ڵ μ, ͸, ߵ Ư¡ ϰ ־    ϰ ĥ    ϰ ִ. ̷  츮  ڵ  ʰ ٸ  Բ  ٸ 鼭  å   Ǯɰ   ٰ    ִ.
}}
{{ (15) ѱ Freetel, Ѽ PCS, LG Telekom  PCS ں 3簡 1997  1Ⱓ   ŽĿ ϴ  ص  800 ̸ ִ. ó   Ȯ    ̷ 뵵  ¸ڰ  Ŀ   ޼ ȸϰ  ̴.
}}
{{ (16) ѱ ̵Ÿ ص Ұ   ̿ 뱳ü ̳ ̷ ִ. ޴(귯) 1 Ѵٸ,  귯 2, ׸ ̵ PCS 2.5   ִµ,   PCS      3 IMT 2000 ߵǾ ÿǰ ִ(ѰܷŹ, 1997. 10. 15).   ٲ κ 鿡Դ '   ٲپ ' ɸ ϰ ۵Ѵ.
}}
{{ (17) ѱ ͳ ڴ 1993 8  1997  155  ڱ׸ġ 20  þ. 
}}
{{ (18)   ؼ Ȧ ̵(1997) .
}}
{{ (19)  ĸ(1891) ,  Ű(1997) "  Ҽ Ȳ  " Ѵ.
}}
{{ (20) (û, , ȱ, ⹫) 1997  6 ѱ  û ǽ Űû Ǽ 2,391,   Ⱓ 1,028Ǻ 230% ߴ(ź).  227 Ϲݹ 簡 ƴ "Ⱥ"   Űû ̷ ̴. ȱο ⹫翡  ͸ 400̴. ׸ 1997  7 ǻ  ̸  Ǽ 3,026̳ Ǿ, 1996 1ġ 2,413 ٵ Ҵ(ѰܷŹ, 1997. 9. 24).
}}
{{ (21) ⿡ ؼ Ȧ ̵(1997), "뵿 ο з  ",  뵿  ̷ ϰ 뵿   ǥ  .
}}
